Book-sewing machine.



Patented Aug. 3,1909.

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BOOK SEWING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED rmmv, 1905.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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J. R. REYNOLDS.

BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED P3127, 1905.

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BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION fILED FEB. 27, 1905. 930,229, Patented Aug. 3, 1909. 5SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN R. REYNOLDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE SMYTHMANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OFCONNECTICUT.

BOOK-SEWING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. February 27, 1905.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

Serial No. 247,443.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J onn R. REYNOLDS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hartford, county of Hartford, and State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Book-Sewing Machines,fully described and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a partof the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in book sewing machines.

In book sewing machines employing pairs of needles in which the needlesof each pair are brought in succession to what may be termed the sewinline, or line of the seam across the back or the signatures, the loop ofthread being taken from one needle after the needle has passed throughthe signature and enchained' with a loop taken from the other needle ofthe pair after that needle has passed through the signature, it has beencustomary to employ a single looper for each pair of needles. In orderto operate a looper of this character, it had to be finely ad usted,and, furthermore, it was difficult to maintain the adjustment,especially when the machine was running at high speeds, and any slightvariation in its position interfered seriously with its operation. Iurthermore, in machines employing signature carrying bars which wererotated and raised and lowered to bring the signatures into positionwith respect to the sewing devices, the signature carrying bars, ofwhich four were employed, were held in position in a head comprising apair of disks, the bars being located in radial grooves in the disks,the rotation of the head being effected by devices which operated on thebars. It is difiicult to firmly hold in position bars mounted in thismanner without unduly increasing the diameter of the disks, because thelength of bar held between the disks is necessarily less than the radiusof the disk circle for at best the ends of the bars could not be broughtnearer the center of the disk circle than the circumference of the shafton which the disks are supported and rotated. T his fact and the furtherfact that the head and bars were rotated by devices acting on the barsthemselves tended to loosen the bars in the head. Furthermore, thedevice which rotated the bars was of fork shape embracing the bars, andthe continual engagement I scoring the bars.

It is one of the objects of this invention to produce an improved sewingmechanism for book sewing machines employing a pair or pairs of needlesin which the looper mechanism can be readily adjusted and in which thismechanism is not liable to get out of adj ustment when the machine isrunning rapidly.

A further object of the invention is to produce a book sewing machinehaving im proved devices for holding and operating the signaturesupporting bars.

A further object of the invention is to produce an improved book sewingmachine whichshall be inexpensive in its construction as compared withprior machines, which shall be reliable in operation, and which shall becapable of running at high speeds.

\Vith these and other objects not specifically referred to in view, theinvention consists in certain constructions, and in certain parts,improvements and combinations as will be hereinafter fully described andthen specifically pointed out.

Referring to the drawingsFigure 1 illustrates a front view of one formof book sewing machine embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is an enlargeddetail view of one of the needle carrying blocks employed in themachine, showing one pair of needles and their arbors in position. Figs.3, 4 and 5 are enlarged detail views illustrating the operation of theloop taking device employed in the machine. Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate thebest construction of looper in side elevation and plan respectively.Fig. 8 is a view of the bar carrying the loop taking devices. Fig. 9 isan enlarged sectional view of the operating end of the looper carryingbar. Fig. 10 is an end view of the supporting bracket for the loopercarrying bar. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail view, certain parts beingshown in section and certain parts being broken away, illustrating theconstruction for mounting and operating the signature presenting bars.Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views illustrating more fully certainconstructions shown in Fig. 11, and Fig. 14 illustrates a modified formof the construction for mounting and operating the signature presentingbars. Fig. 15 is a detail view of part of the construction illustratedin Fig. 11 showing the bar for the signature support carrying head 111engagement with the head.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate a concrete embodiment of theinvention, 1 indicates a f nine or standard on which is mounted anoverhanging arm 2 which serves to support the sewing mechanism to behereinafter described. The sewing mechanism of machines embodying theinvention may be widely varied in construction. In the machine selectedto illustrate the invention, the horizontal portion 3 of the overhangingarm serves to support a plurality of blocks 4 in which the needles andtheir operating devices are mounted. The number of blocks may be variedbut in the machine illustrated three such blocks are shown. IVhile theblocks-may be attached to the overhanging portion ofv the arm in anydesired manner, in the construction shown, the blocks are provided witha wide recess in the top, the shoulder 5 (see Fig. 2) forming the frontside, of this recess. The blocks-are applied to the underside of thearm, the lower edge of the arm fitting in the recess andthe blocks areheld on the arm by a locking plate 6 the front edge of which engages agroove, not shown, in the rear side of the arm.

In the particular machine selected to illustrate the invention,semi-circular needles are employed, although this form may be departedfrom in some instances, if desired. IVhile the manner of mounting theseneedles and their arrangement may be varied within wide limits, in theconstruction shown each block is provided with two needles, marked 7 and8, these needles being mounted on shafts or arbors9 and 10 extendingthrough the block. While the needles may be secured to the arbors in anydesired manner, in the-construction shown collars 11 are employed forthis purpose, these collars being held in position by screws 12. In thepar ticular construction shown, the needles are guided in their movementby shoulders 13 formed on a face plate 14. and alsoby plates 15'securedto the front of this face plate. In, the particular machine illustrated,the needles are arranged in sets, one set includother set including theother needle of each of the-pairs. These sets of needles, in theparticular machine illustrated, are brought successively to the sewingline or within the range of action of the looping devices to behereinafter described.

The particular mechanism for operating the needles when they arearranged in the manner described, may be varied within wide limits. Inthe construction shown, however, each of the shafts 9 is provided with apinion 16 and each of the shafts 10 is provided witha pinion 17. Thepinions 17 are offset with respect to the pinions 16 and these pinionsare operated by sliding racks ing one needle of each of the pairs andthe 18 and 19 which are in turn actuated by levers, not shown, pivotedon the rear of the upstanding portion of the overhanging arm 2. Theseracks are'alternately actuated so as to drive one set of needles throughone signature and the next set of needles through the next succeedingsignature. It will further be noted that in the particular machine shownthe needles of each pair turn in opposet are then caused to pass throughthe foldof this second signature and the loops held by the loopers arecast by them over these needles, the loops from these needles beingtaken and held by the loopers.

In the particular machine shown, a loop taking device is employed witheach pair of needles. While the details of construction of this looptaking device may be varied widely, there will be employed a loop takerfor each needle of a pair. In the particular constructionshown,.eachlo0p taking device comprises a. shank 20 having two looptaking projections 21, 22. The loop taking devices may be mounted andoperated in various ways. In the construction shown, the shanks 20extend from collars 23, these collars being secured to a bar 24. In theconstruction illustrated, the bar 24: is given movements to cause theloop taking projections 21 to take the loops from the needles 8, holdtheloops while the needles with draw, move the loopers to cast the loopsover the needles 7, after these needles have penetrated the next.signature, and then cause the projections 22 to take the loops from theneedles 7, these loops being in turn transferred to the needles 8. Inthe particular machine shown, the operations described require a forwardand backward movement of the loopers, which is effected by rocking thebar 2 1 and a sidewise movement: which is effected by giving the bar; 24an endwise movement. The means for giving the bar2l the endwisemovements may be widely varied. As shown this bar is supported inhangers 25 bolted onto the front of the part 3 of the overhanging armand is free to move endwise through these hangers, the endwise movementbeing derived froma lever 26 pivoted at 27 to the upright portion 2 ofthe overhanging arm, this lever being given its movement by a camgroove, not shown, in the rear side of a cam disk 28 mounted on asuitable shaft located beneath the bed plate on the standard 1. Thislever 26 alsoserves, in connectionwith devices to be hereinafterreferred to, for giving the bar the rocking movements, although thesemovements might be obtained through any suitable means. In theconstruction shown,

: the lever 26 is pivoted to ears 29 on a hub 30, this hub being mountedon a sleeve 31 (see Fig. 8). In the particular construction shown, thesleeve is provided with threaded portions 32 which are engaged by nuts33, these nuts serving to form the connection between the hub and thesleeve and to permit an adjustment between these parts. The'sleeve isadditionally supported by a bearing 3 1, this bearing being carried on abracket. 35, the plate 36 of which is secured by screws, or in any othersuitable manner, to the back of the upright portion of the overhangingarm 3. This sleeve 31 is provided, in the particular construction shown,with a cam slot 37 which is engaged by a pin 38 extending through thebar 24. In the operation of this looper bar, the bar is first given theendwise movement and then the rocking movement. In order to efiect this,in the particular construction shown, the connection between the bar andits driving means, which in this construction include the lever 26 andthe sleeve 31, is of such a character that after the bar has been. givenits endwise movement, it is stopped and a continued movement of thedriver produces, through the means described, or any other suitablemeans, the rocking movement.v The means for stopping the bar after therequired endwise movement has been effected may be of any suitablecharacter. In the particular construction shown, the bar is given anendwise operating movement in both directions, and it is necessary,therefore, to limit this movement in both directions. For this purpose,two stops are employed, these stops as shown consisting of collars 39and 40, the stop 39 cooperating with one of the hangers, 25, and thestop 40, cooperating with. the other hanger, 25. While the connectionbetween the driving means and the bar may, as has been indicated, bevaried widely, this connection will, in its best form, include a spring,or, when as in the particular construction illustrated, the bar is to bemoved in both directions, it will include two springs.

In the drawings (see Figs. 8 and 9) two end bushings ll, 42are provided,these bushings abutting against a collar 43 which is held in position onthe bar 24 by the pin 38, these two bushings tl, 42 serving to supportsprings 44, 45, the springs hearing at their inner ends againstshoulders formed on the bushings and at their other ends against collarsto, a? which collars are secured by screws 48, or in any other suitablemanner, to the bushing 31. Nuts 49, are pro videdv on the end of each ofthese bushii'ags In the best constructions, these springs 44, 15 will beheld under tension between the shoulders on the bushings and the collarsl6, 17.

Fig. 8 illustrates the position of the parts after the endwise movementof the bar to the left has taken place, the stop 39 being against theleft hand hanger 25. In this position of the parts, the loop takingprojections 22 have taken loops from the needles 7 and are holding themthese loops having been entered by the needles 8. The sleeve 31 operatedby the lever 26 now continues its movement to the left and the cam slot37, acting on the pin 38, rocks the bar 24;, which movement causes theprojections 22 of the loop taking device to cast off the loops held bythem onto the needles 8. The position of the parts at this time isillustrated in Fig. 3. The sleeve 31 now begins its move ment to theright, but the bar 24L does not have any endwise movement, because thespring l5 which has been compressed by the movement of the sleeve tothe, left is still under strong tension and prevents any endwisemovement of the bar. This movement of the sleeve to the right, however,produces a rocking movement of the bar which causes the loop takingdevices to move forward or toward the needles and on this movement theloop taking projections 21 take the loops from: the needles 8. As soonas this has been accomplished, which will be at the time when the pin 28has reached a position midway of the slot 37, the movement of the sleeveacting through the spring eta, begins to move the bar to the right,which movement continues until the stop 40 strikes the right hand hanger25. At this time, the loop taking projections 21 are in the positionshown in Fig. t, that is, they are holding the loops in position to beentered by the needles 7. The continued movement of the sleeve 31 now,through the action of the slot 37 on the cause the rocking movements ofthe bar to be absolutely positive, since they hold the bar and the stopsfirmly in contactwhile the rocking movements of the parts are takingplace. Further, the fact that the springs are under tension causes theendwise movement of the bar to be practically positive also, the normaltension of the springs being sufficient to overcome the inertia of thebar and any pull which may be exerted on the bar by the tension of theloops held by the loopers, and the friction of the bar in its bearings.

The thread will be supplied to the needles in any suitable manner, as,for instance, from spools mounted in cups 51, the thread being led fromthe spools through a thread guide 52.

From the guide 52 the threads- &

from the several spools are led between tension plates 53 and slacktake-up springs 54, after which the threads pass over a takeup bar 55which bar is operated from a shaft 56. This shaft 56, in theconstruction shown, is rocked by a connecting rod 57 operated from alever 58 which lever is provided with a cam roller working in a camgroove 59 cut in the cam disk 28 before referred to. just described maybe of any usual or ordinary construction, the construction illustratedbeing well-known in the art.

The devices by which the signatures are successively presented to thesewing devices may be of any well-known type. In the particularconstruction illustrated, however, the signatures are presented to thesewing devices by signature carrying bar 60 which are or may be providedwith perforating devices 61 (see Figs. 11 and 12). Nhile the particularconstruction of the bar may be varied in the best constructions the barswill be of the type illustrated in Patent No. 837,341, dated Dec. 4,1906,'granted to The Smyth Manufacturing Co. as assignee of J. R.Reynolds. While these signature supporting bars may be mounted andoperated in any desired manner, in the best constructions, they will bemounted in a head consisting of upper and lower disks 62, 63, thesedisks being tied together by screws 65 and the head being mounted torotate on a supporting rod 66 which is stepped in an upperbearing 67suitably connected to the machine frame and in a sleeve 68 mounted inthe table of the frame 1, the rod being provided with shoulders 69, 70which prevent its having any vertical movement. The bars may be held inthe disks in any suitable manner, but in the best constructions, grooves71 will be provided for this purpose, these grooves being arranged asindicated in Fig. 13, that is, they will be at right angles to eachother and are not cut on radial lines. By this arrangement of thegrooves, a long bearing for each of the bars is obtained, so that thebars are firmly held in the head and this is accomplished without undulyincreasing the diameter of the disks. In the particular constructionillustrated, the lower disk 63 is formed with an upwardly projectingboss 72 over which the upper disk fits, though the construction may bevaried in this respect if desired. In the particular constructionillustrated, the head is given rotating movements to cause eachsignature supporting arm to bring its signatures into position to beacted upon by the sewing devices, and after each signature is thusbrought into position, the head is lowered to cause it to clear thesignature, so that the head has both rotating and rising and fallingmovements. The construction by which the head carrying the signaturearms is raised and low- The thread supplying devices ered at the propertimes may be of any suitable character. As shown, the disk 63 has a 1downwardly extending piece 73 which is embraced by a collar 74, thiscollar being held in place by a nut 75. The collar 74 has a projection76 extending therefrom, this projection being secured to a connectingrod 77 which at its other end is pivoted to a cam lever 78. This camlever is pivoted at 79 to a bracket extending from the bottom of theframe table and is provided with a slot 80 taking over a crank roller 81mounted on a crank disk 82. A balance spring may, if desired, beemployed in connection with this lever, this spring being shown at 83and being connected to an arm 84 which is fast to the lever 78.

The particular construction for giving the head its rotating movementwhich will be a step by step movement, may be widely varied. Two formsof construction for this purpose are shown. In what is regarded as thebest form, illustrated in Fig. 11, the upper and lower disks areprovided with rectangular recesses 85, these recesses being located inthe edge of the disks. These recesses are arranged to be engaged by asquared bar 86 which is mounted in an arm 87, this arm being secured tothe sleeve 68.

The lower part of this sleeve is shouldered.

oh and has a segmental gear 88 formed thereon, the teeth of which are inmesh with a toothed or rocking segmental lever 89 which is pivoted at 90to a bracket depending from the frame table, this lever being operatedfrom a cam groove 91 cut in the rear side of the disk 82. The bar 86 isof such length that when the head is lowered, it will engage therecesses 85, after which, through the segmental gearing referred to, thehead, in the particular construction shown, is given a quarter turn.

While the construction which has just been described is regarded as thebest construction for the reason that it is inexpensive to make, otherforms of construction may be adopted, and one other form is illustratedin Fig. 14. The construction shown in this figure is, in many respects,similar to that just described, but bolts 92 are employed for holdingthe disks together, and these bolts are made hollow. The arm 87 isprovided with an upwardly extending lug 93, this lug carrying a long pin94 which is arranged to pass through the openings in the bolts 92 whenthe head is lowered.

Whatever form of construction is employed for rotating the head, thisconstruction, in its best form, will be of such a character that therotating devlces may engage the head itself lnstead of the signaturecarrying bars, as in prior constructions, thus avoidlng wear on the barsand decreasing the tendency of the bars to work loose in the head.

7 Various devices well-known in the art may be employed to control thesignature after it has been brought into position to be acted upon bythe sewing devices and some of these devices are shown. The devices referred to include hold back fingers 95 operated from cam plate 96 whichhas a vertical movement produced by a lever 97, a. pressure bar 98, astop bar 99 and fingers 100 which operate on the bottom of the sheet. Agab-hook 101 is also shown which operates the perforators in thesignature bar, this galrhook taking over pins 102 as the bars arebrought into position, and being then given a backward and forwardmovement by a lever, not shown, for raising and lowering theperforators.

Changes and variations may be made in the construction by which theinvention is carried into effect. The invention is not, therefore, to belimited to the specific construction hereinbefore described andillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

hat is claimed is 1. The combination with a pair of needles,

of a signature holder, means for producing relative movements betweenthe holder and the needles, a loop taking device cooperating with theneedles, said device having a loop taker for each needle, means forbringing the needles successively within the range of action of the looptaking device, and means for operating said device to cause each looptaker to take the loop from its own needl and -ast it ott onto the otherneedle.

The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, means forcausing a needle of the pair to penetrate alternate signatures only andthe other needle of the pair to penetrate intermediate signatures only,a loop taking device cooperating with the needles, said device having apair of loop takers, one for each needle, and means for causing the looptaker for each needle to cotip erete with the needle after it haspenetrated a signature, each loop taker operating to transfer the loopfrom one needle to the other.

3. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansiior producing relative movements between the holder and the needles, aloop taking device cooperating with the needles, said device having aloop taker for each needle, means for moving the needles insemi-circular paths to bring them successively within the range ofaction of the loop taking device, and means for operating said device tocause each loop.

taker to take the loop from its own needle and cast it off onto theother needle.

1. The combination with a pair of needles, of a'signature holder, meansfor causing a needle of the pair to move in a curved path and penetratealternate signatures only and the other needle of the pair to move in acurved path and penetrate the intermediate signatures only, a looptaking device cooperating with the needles, said device having a pair ofloop takers, one for each needle, and means for causing the loop takerfor each needle to cooperate with the needle after it has penetrated asignature, each loop taker operating to transfer the loop from oneneedle to the other.

5. The'combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the holder and the needles, aloop taking device comprising a shank provided with loop takingprojections, one for each needle, means for bringing the needlessuccessively within the range of action of the loop taking device, andmeans for operating said device to cause each loop taking projection totake the loop from its own needle and cast it oli onto the other needle.

The combination with a plurality of pairs of needles, the needles ofsaid pairs being arranged in sets, a signature holder, means forproducing relative movements between the holder and the needles, acarrier, a plurality of loop taking devices, one for each pair ofneedles, mounted on said carrier, each of said devices having a looptaker for each needle of the pair, means for bringing the sets ofneedles successively within the range of action of the loop takingdevices, and means for operating the carrier to cause each loop taker totake the loop from its own needle and cast it olf onto the other needleof the pair.

7. The combination with a plurality of pairs of needles, the needles ofsaid pairs being arranged in sets, of a signature holder, means forproducing relative movements between the holder and the needles, acarrier,

a plurality of loop taking devices, one for each pair of needles,mounted on said carrier, each of said loop taking devices having a looptaker for each needle of the pair, means for causing the needles of oneset to penetrate alternate signatures only and the needles of the otherset to penetrate intermediate signatures only, and means for opratingthe carrier to cause the loop taker for each needle of the set to take aloop from that needle of the set after it has penetrated the signatureand transfer it to a needle of the other set.

8. The combination with a plurality of pairs of needles, the needles ofsaid pairs being arranged in sets, of a signature holder, means forcausing one set of needles to move in a curved path and penetratealternate signatures only and the other set to move in a curved path andpenetrate the intermediate signatures only, a carrier, a plurality ofloop taking devices, one for each pair of needles, mounted on saidcarrier, each of said loop taking devices having a loop taker for eachneedle of the pair, and means for operating the carrier to cause theloop taker for each needle of the set to take a loop from that needle ofthe set after it has penetrated the signature and transfer it to aneedle of the other set.

9. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the holder and the needles, acarrier, a loop taking device mounted on the carrier, said device havinga loop taker for each needle, and means for operating the carrier tocause each loop taker to take the loop from its own needle and cast itoff onto the other needle.

10. The combination with a plurality of pairs of needles, said needlesbeing arranged in sets, of a signature holder, means for producingrelative movements between the holder and the needles, a carrier, aplurality of loop taking devices, one for each pair of needles, mountedon the carrier, each of said loop taking devices having a loop takingprojection for each needle of its pair, means for bringing the sets ofneedles successively within the range of action of the loop takingdevices, and means for giving the carrier swinging and endwise movementsto cause each loop taker to take a loop from its own needle and cast itoff onto the other needle of the pair.

11. The combination with a plurality of pairs of needles, said needlesbeing arranged to form sets, of a signature holder, a bar, a pluralityof loop taking devices, one for each pair of needles, mounted on thebar, said loop taking devices each comprising a shank and two looptaking projections, one for each needle of the pair, means for bringingthe sets of needles successively within the range of action of the looptaking devices, and means for giving the bar swinging and endwisemovements to cause each loop taking projection to take the loop from itsown needle and cast it off onto the other needle of the pair.

12. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing a relative movement between the needles and the holder, abar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating with theneedles, said device having a loop taking projection for each needle,means for giving the bar endwise movements to position the loop takingdevice so that each loop taking projection may take a loop from its ownneedle, and means for giving the bar a rocking movement to cause eachloop taking projection to cast oif and take its loop.

13. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing a relative movement between the needles and the holder, abar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating" with theneedles, driving means for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirec-' tions, stops for limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, connections be tween the driving means and the bar whichpermit the means to continue to move after the bar has stopped itsmovement in either direction, and means operated by the continuedmovement of the driving means in either direction for giving the barrocking movements, whereby the loop taking device is caused to cast oifand take loops from the needles.

1a. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing a relative movement between the needles and the holder, abar, a loop taking device mounted 011 the bar and cooperating with theneedles, said loop taking device having a loop taking projection foreach needle, driving means for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirections, stops for limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, connections between the driving means and the bar whichpermits the means to continue to move after the bar has stopped, andmeans operated by the continued movement of the driving means for givingthe bar rock ing movements, whereby the loop taking device is caused tocast 011' and take loops from the needles.

15. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing a relative movement between the needles and the holder, abar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating with theneedles, driving means for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirections, stops for limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, springs between the driving means and the bar which permitthe means to continue to move after the bar has stopped its movement ineither direction, and means operated by the continued move ment of thedriving means in either direction for giving the bar rocking movements,whereby the loop taking device is caused to cast off and take loops fromthe needles.

16. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing a relative movement between the needles and the holder, a'bar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating with theneedles, said loop taking device having a loop taking projection foreach needle, driving means for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirections, stops for limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, springs between the driving means and the bar which permitthe means to con tinue to move after the bar has stopped, and meansoperated by the continued movement of the driving means for giving thebar rocking movements, whereby the loop taking device is caused to castoff and take loops from the needles.

17. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the needles and the holder, abar, a loop taking device cooperating with the needles and mounted onsaid bar, a driver for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirections, stops for limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, springs normally under tension between the driver and thebar which permit the driver to continue to move after the bar hasstopped, and means operated by the continued movement of the driver forgiving the bar rocking movements, whereby the loop taking device iscaused to cast off and take loops from the needles.

18. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the needles and the holder, atbar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating with theneedles, said device having a loop taking projection for each needle, adriver for giving the bar endwise movements in both directions, stopsfor limiting the movement of the bar in both directions, springsnormally under tension between the driver and the bar which permit thedriver to continue to move after the bar has stopped, and means operatedby the continued movement of the driver for giving the bar rockingmovements, whereby the loop taking device is caused to cast off and takeloops from the needles.

19. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the needles and the holder, a:bar, a loop taking device cooperating with the needles and mounted onsaid bar, a driver for giving the bar endwise movements in bothdirections, stops for/ limiting the movement of the bar in bothdirections, springs under tension between the driver and the bar whichpermit the driver to continue to move after the bar has stopped, and acam mechanism operated by the continued movement of the driver forgiving the bar rocking movements, whereby the loop taking device iscaused to cast off and take loops from the needles.

20. The combination with a pair of needles, of a signature holder, meansfor producing relative movements between the needles and the. holder, abar, a loop taking device mounted on the bar and cooperating with theneedles, said device having a loop taking projection for each needle, adriver for giving the bar endwise movements in both directions, stopsfor limiting the movement of the bar in both directions, springs undertension between the driver and the bar which permit the driver tocontinue to move after the bar has stopped, and a cam mechanism operatedby the continued movement of the driver for giving the bar rockingmovements, whereby the loop taking device is caused to cast oil and takeloops from the needles.

21. The combination with aplurality of pairs oi needles, the needles ofthe pairs be ing arranged in two sets, of a signature holder, means forproducing relative movements between the holder and the needles, a bar,a plurality of loop taking devices, one for each pair of needles,mounted on the bar, each of said devices having a loop taking projectionfol-each needle of its pair, means for bringing the needles successivelywithin the range of action of the loop taking de vices, a driving sleevein operative position with respect to the bar, springs under tensionbetween the sleeve and the bar, means for reciprocating the sleeve tomove the bar in both directions, stops for limiting the movement of thebar in both directions, and a cam actuated by the sleeve for rotatingthe Dill.

22. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head, of means for rotating the head, and a plurality ofsignature supporting arms mounted therein, the inner ends of the armsextending past the center of rotation of the head.

In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combination with ahead comprising upper and lower disks, of means for securing thediskstogether, a plurality of signature supporting arms held between thedisks, and the ends of the arms extending inward beyond the center ofrotation of the head, and means for rotating the head.

24. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, of means for securing thedisks together, means for rotating the head, and a plurality ofsignature supporting arms held between said disks and arranged at anangle to each other, the ends of the arms extending inward beyond thecenter of rotation of the head, and the end of each arm lying oppositeanother arm between the ends thereof.

25. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, one of said disks beingprovided with four grooves, said grooves being arranged at right anglesto each other and the inner ends of the grooves extending inwardlybeyond the center of rotation of the disks, of means for rotating thehead, four signature supporting arms mounted in the grooves, and meansfor securing the disks together.

26. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head,

of means for giving the head a rising and falling movement, means forgiving the head a step by step rotating movement, and a plurality ofsignature supporting arms mounted in the head, the inner ends of thearms extending past the center of rotation of the head.

27. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, of means for securing thedisks together, means for giving the head a rising and falling movement,means for giving the head a step by step rotating movement, and aplurality of signature supporting arms held between the disks, and theends of the arms extending inward beyond the center of rotation of thehead.

28. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, of means for securing thedisks together, means for giving the head a rising and falling movement,means for giving the head a step by step rotating movement, and aplurality of signature supporting arms held between said disks andarranged at an angle to each other, the ends of the arms extendinginward be yond the center of rotation of the head, and the end of eacharm lying opposite another arm between the ends thereof.

29. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, one of said disks beingprovided with four grooves, said grooves being arranged at right anglesto each other and the inner ends of the grooves extending inwardlybeyond the cen ter of rotation of the disks, of means for giving thehead a step by step rotating movement, means for giving the head arising and falling movement, four signature supporting arms mounted inthe grooves, and means for securing the disks together.

30. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head, of a plurality of signature supporting arms mountedtherein, a driver, means for causing the driver to be directly engagedwith and disengaged from the head, and means for operating the driver togive the head a step by step movement.

31. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, of a plurality ofsignature supporting arms held between the disks, a driver, means forcausing the driver to directly engage the head and to be disengagedtherefrom, and means for giving the driver a step by step movement torotate the head.

32. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, said disks having recessesin their edges, of a plurality of signature supporting arms held betweenthe disks, a driver, means for causing the driver to directly engage theedge recesses in the disks, and means for giving the driver a step bystep movement to rotate the head.

33. In a signature support for book sewlowered, and means for giving thedriver a; step by step rotating movement.

34:. In a signature support for book sewing machines, the combinationwith a head comprising upper and lower disks, said disks having recessededges, of a plurality of arms held between the disks, the inner ends ofthe arms extending inward beyond the center of rotation of the head,means for giving the head a rising and falling movement, a driverpositioned so as to engage the recesses in the disks when the head is inits lowered 7 position, and means for giving the driver a step by steprotating movement.

In av signature support for book sewing machines, the combination with ahead comprising upper and lower disks having squared recesses in theiredges, of a plurality of signature supporting arms held between thedisks, means for raising and lowering the head, a driver including arectangular block positioned so as to engage the recesses in the diskswhen the head is in its lowered position, and means for giving thedriver a rotating movement whereby the head is given a step by stepadvancing movement.

36. In asignature support for book sewing machines, the combination witha head comprising upper and lower disks having squared recesses in theiredges, of a plurality of signature supporting arms held between thedisks, the inner ends of the arms extending inward beyond the center ofrotation of the disks, means for raising and lowering the head, a driverincluding a rectangular block positioned so as to engage the recesses inthe disks when the head is in its lowered position, and means for giving the driver a rotating movement whereby the head is given a step bystep advancing movement.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN R. REYNOLDS. WVitnesses J. A. GRAVES, A. IVHITE.

